TOP 20 Software Engineer Programming Interview Questions And Answers

Q1. What is 29 in binary and hexadecimal in binary ? 

ANS : it's 1 1 1 0 1 in hexadecimal it's 1d question number 

Q2. What is a singleton class ? 

ANS : A class that can only be instant paned once 

Q3. Explain inheritance in object-oriented programming ?

ANS : A class can inherit the implementation of its parent class while also extending and/or changing parts of it this allows for reuse of code that classes have a lot in common 

Q4. With threads a and B and resources x and y describe a deadlock situation ? 

ANS : Thread a Reserve's resource X then thread B Reserve's resource y thread a without releasing X then requests resource Y but have to wait for thread B to release it meanwhile thread B without releasing Y requests resource X but have to wait thread a to release it both threads are now waiting for each other to release their resources but none will until the other does 

Q5. What is a non functional requirement ?

ANS : A non functional requirement specifies general behavior requirements of the system it describes that you want your system to be rather than what it should do some non-functional requirements include accessibility maintainability and security 

Q6. What is a functional requirement ?

ANS : A functional requirement describes the specific functionality you want of your system 

 

Q7. What are steps of the waterfall ?

ANS : 1. Method requirements 

2. Design implementation 

3. Verification and maintenance

 

Q8. In scrum what is the purpose of the daily stand-up meeting ? 

ANS : The purpose of stand-up is for the team to get up to speed on what has been done and what will be done that day and to bring attention to real or potential obstacles in development the standard meaning works as follows each member of the development team answers three questions in turn one what did i do yesterday to what will I do today three have I discovered anything that might impede our progress towards the Sprint goal

 

Q9. What are the benefits and disadvantages of paper prototyping ? 

ANS : The main benefits of paper prototyping are that is quick and cheap and easily allows an entire team to take part in the design process disadvantages the major disadvantages is that it is hard to emulate the true field of the system and certain functionality such as scrolling data entry and dynamic elements often paper prototypes will only be able to show the general outline or show of a few specific functionalities of the system

 

Q10. What is the purpose of a sequence diagram and event diagram ?

ANS : A sequence diagram shows the interactions sent messages and return values between objects and in what order they are sent this gives an idea of the runtime flow of the application 

Q11. What is modularization ?

ANS : Modularization is a technique where the software is divided into several modules that work independently of each other the main benefit of this is better maintainability 

Q12. Can you describe the model-view-controller architecture ? 

ANS : The MVC architecture is used most commonly for GUI applications and means to separate the data from the user interface the model layer holds the data the view layout outputs the data to the user and the controller is responsible for making changes to the model based on user input 

Q13. What is direct graph ?

ANS : A cyclic graph ad a G is a directed graph without any cycles 

Q14. What is the difference between black box and white box testing ? 

ANS : White black box testing only tests a function for correct output given in an input white box testing also tests if the implementation is correct 

Q15. What is the difference between a queue and a stack ?

ANS : A queue is based on the FIFO first-in first-out principle which means the first item to enter the queue is the first to be removed like the queue at the cash register a stack on the other hand is based on the LIFO last in first out principle which means the last item to enter the stack is also the first to be removed like a stack of plates 

Q16. What is a recursive function ?

ANS : A recursive function is a function that calls itself and each function call one or more parameters are changed the recursion continues until a base case is reached and the recursion is result 

Q17. How does the a asterisks algorithm work ?

ANS : A asterisk is a path finding algorithm that works on weighted graphs with heuristic function that estimates the cost of traveling from node and to the goal node the notes to be considered at each step is stored in a collection usually a priority queue it starts by adding every node to the that is adjacent to the start node in the queue with their estimated total cost based on the formula F in parentheses n equals G in parentheses n plus h in parentheses and where G in parentheses end is the actual cost from the start node to the node and while h in parentheses n is the heuristic function at each iteration the node with the smallest estimates cost F in parentheses and is expanded a path is found when the goal node is the one chosen for expansion alternatively no path is found if the cube becomes empty 

Q18. In SQL with unique keys what does inner and outer join do ? 

ANS : Both operations join two tables inner join works as the intersection between the tables so only keys that exist in both tables will be kept in the joint table outer join works as the union between the tables so all rows are included in the joint table 

Q19. What is an SQL injection and how are they prevented ?

ANS : SQL injection is when SQL statements are entered into data fields that are to be stored in an SQL database the most usual mitigation techniques include parameterizing statements escaping characters with special meaning in SQL pattern checking and limiting database permissions

Q20. Why do you want to leave your current job? Why are you leaving your job and why do you want to work for us? 

ANS : I want to leave my job because I am looking for a fresh challenge with a company that has exciting and ambitious plans for the future, and one that will also use my skills and technical SQL abilities to the full. My employer has been great and we have achieved some fantastic things whilst I have been there, but I am now ready for a new challenge, and I would like that challenge to be with your company.